This article is intended for those people who have very little knowledge in the use of construction tools.
We think a fairly large number of people begin their acquaintance with construction tools by buying, and only then they begin to figure out how to work with this tool. In addition, there will certainly be teenagers or women among the readers of this article who generally have no idea what a screwdriver is and what you can do with it. It is for them that we decided to write this article.
So let's continue...
To begin with, in general terms, let's talk about what a screwdriver is. Firstly, they can be divided into two large classes: battery-powered and mains-operated. The effectiveness of these tools depends directly on the brand of the tool, but the battery ones do not depend on the presence of an outlet and the length of the wire.
For a home master, it is best to choose a cordless tool - it is more convenient and practical. Let's start with him.
Typically, cordless screwdrivers are sold in cases that, in addition to the tool itself, include a pair of batteries and a charger. When buying, it is best to immediately check the completeness of the tool and its performance in the store. It must be understood that the screwdriver is not charged from the factory, so when you bring it home, you must first charge the batteries using a charger.
After that, we insert one of the batteries into the tool and it is almost ready to work. To work, we still need to insert another element into the cartridge - the necessary bit or drill. You can buy a set of bits and drills in the store, or you can purchase them separately, similarly for drills.
Modern screwdrivers, in addition to maybe low-power models, have the function of drilling and drilling with impact, so with their help you can also drill holes in metal and wood, as well as concrete and brick.
Before using a screwdriver, it is necessary to check the integrity of the tool. There should be no mechanical damage such as dents and cracks on the case and batteries. The instrument must not be used with such damage.
Drilling metal and wood with a screwdriver
In order to make a hole in metal or wood, it is necessary to put an appropriate drill in the chuck. For wood, if necessary, a drill for metal is also suitable. After that, you need to set the desired mode - drilling. This is done using the rotary part of the tool, located immediately behind the screwdriver chuck. On the symbols located on the body of the screwdriver, find the image of the drill and align the turning part (arrow) with its image. In this case, the screwdriver will switch to the electric drill mode. This mode must be used with caution. The fact is that the tool turns off the so-called ratchet (protection of the engine from excessive force on the shaft). If the drill jams, the motor may burn out.
Next, we attach the drill to the drilling point and press the start button. During drilling, it is important to hold the screwdriver perpendicular to the drilling axis. Due to misalignment of the drill, especially in hard material, the drill may break off. We drill harder materials at low speeds, and soft materials, such as wood, at high speeds. By the way, if the screwdriver has a speed switch button (usually two speeds), then it is best to drill at the second speed. In the process of drilling, the pressing force is controlled independently. Unfortunately, it is difficult to explain this in words, so you can determine this parameter in the course of practice.
Drilling concrete and stone with a screwdriver
To drill holes in concrete and stone, we need a special drill with a pobedit tip. Usually everyone uses a drill with a diameter of 6 mm, which fits most plastic dowels for self-tapping screws. You should not take a thicker drill - it's just that the power of the screwdriver is not intended for this - a puncher is needed here.
Before drilling, we transfer the screwdriver to the drilling mode with a fight, similarly to that described above. To do this, we combine the guide arrow with the image of a drill from segments or a drill and a hammer (depending on the brand of the tool). As in the previous case, we hold the tool perpendicular to the drilling axis. It is not necessary to press the tool very hard during the drilling process, although it should be sufficient to gradually deepen the drill. We periodically loosen the pressure and even remove the drill from the hole to remove drilling products (dust).
Tightening screws, self-tapping screws and bolts with a screwdriver
And finally, we come to the main purpose of screwdrivers - screwdriving (from which its name follows). Each screwdriver (on the turning part) has a number of numbers around the circumference: 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, etc. They denote the tightening moment in newtons. The thicker the screw or self-tapping screw and the harder the material in which it is wrapped, this figure should be larger. To screw, for example, roofing self-tapping screws into metal, a force of 12–14 N is usually sufficient.
For screwing standard self-tapping screws into wood, 8 N is enough. Again, this force is selected individually for each type of screw and base material. It is better to start tightening a new type of self-tapping screws to set the value of the force to a smaller value, then you can add force and tighten it. But if you immediately put a lot of effort, then you can twist the screw, which will lead to breaking off the head of the screw, or twisting (the screw or screw will push through the material to be fixed).
Depending on the head of the self-tapping screw or screw, you will need a variety of bits. For standard PZ2 bit screws, for small PZ1 bit screws, but for roofing screws, an 8 mm head. Also, with the help of a screwdriver it is very convenient to assemble cabinet furniture. If you have a bit for confirmation (Euroscrew), then the furniture assembly speed will increase several times. In addition, it will do without mazols on the fingers from manually twisting a large number of confirmations.
The mode of wrapping self-tapping screws and screws has one very good property. If the base material is too hard and the screw jams during tightening, the so-called ratchet will work. A special mechanism will stop the transmission of rotation from the engine to the bit, which will prevent damage to it. All this is accompanied by a characteristic crack. You shouldn't be afraid of him.
By the way, in the twisting mode, you can easily drill a tree without changing the mode, the drill passes quite easily. If the force on the tool is not enough to drive the self-tapping screw into a hard material, experienced craftsmen switch the screwdriver to drilling mode and tighten the self-tapping screw. But we do not recommend doing this, since you can simply burn out the electric motor without the necessary experience.
During tightening, it is necessary to press the bit against the head of the screw with sufficient force so that the bit does not slip. If edge slippage occurs, the bits stick together and it fails.
At the end of the article, we note that it is best to store an electric screwdriver in a dry, heated room. Humidity will cause the contacts of the tool to oxidize and it may fail. Screwdriver batteries must be stored in a charged state. So they will last much longer. If the batteries no longer hold a charge, then in the service centers you can always order new ones.
We hope our instructions have helped you in your work and have been useful.
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